Croup is a common respiratory illness that affects about 15% of children at some point. The majority of cases are 5 years of age and younger. It's an infection of the throat and vocal cords, that is caused by several viruses. The lower breathing area, the bronchi, can also be affected. The affected portion of airway, usually the vocal cords and right below, becomes swollen and narrow, and breathing becomes difficult. The term croup is used for infection of children aged 5 years and under, while laryngitis is used for older children.The infection occurs more frequently in the fall and early winter, and is more prevalent in boys. Parainfluenza viruses account for about 75% of the cases. The infection is also caused by other types of viruses, as well as measles, bacteria, allergies, and acid reflux. Children that are afflicted will be very contagious and the virus can spread through mucus, hacking, and sneezing. The sickness might start off with cold symptoms like a runny or stuffy nose, and then lead to congestion and hoarseness. Stridor may also be present; this term means a harsh vibrating noise when breathing. Your child may also have a high temperature and their breathing may sound more like wheezing. Symptoms are usually worse at night and some may come on very suddenly.
