Melatonin is a hormone that's produced naturally by humans, animals, and plants. It's a neurotransmitter-like compound that's secreted by the pineal gland, which is located in the brain. This hormone is responsible for regulating our body's internal clock and the sleep-wake cycle. The body's production of melatonin is most active in darkness, and least active during daylight. Its release is suppressed by light and stimulated by the dark. Melatonin levels are highest when we're very young and decreases as we age.Many elderly people experience problems with sleep disorders, and researchers believe this may be due to a decrease in levels of the hormone. Melatonin levels can be disrupted by too much light during nighttime hours or too little during the day. Melatonin can also be produced synthetically in a laboratory. The compound is available in pill form and other forms that can be absorbed directly into the body. It can be used as a dietary supplement, but its best known use is as a sleep aid. Research and studies have shown its usefulness in regulating the female reproductive cycle and treating a wide range of illnesses and health conditions.
