Tetanus is the name for an infection caused by bacteria, Clostridium tetani, that is found in dirt, soil, and manure and typically enters a person's body through a puncture wound. Cases of tetanus are extremely rare in the United States—fewer than 30 cases are reported each year—due to the availability of a vaccine. In fact, the best way to prevent infection is to stay updated on vaccine boosters throughout one's lifetime.Contracting tetanus can be extremely serious. The incubation period between the time that bacteria enters a person's bloodstream and the time that the illness presents itself can range anywhere between 3 and 21 days. Once the illness does present itself, it requires immediate medical attention. A medical professional, who examines a patient and looks for signs and symptoms of disease, diagnoses tetanus; there are no labs to test for tetanus. Medical treatment for tetanus is quite aggressive and typically requires monitored care in the hospital under the supervision of a team of physicians and nurses.
Most people who contract tetanus are individuals who never received a vaccine or who did not receive their most recent booster. This is the number one way to prevent infection. In addition, it is always a good idea to practice safe wound care in order to prevent infection. Good wound care involves seeking immediate first-aid for even minor scrapes and scratches, or any wound that breaks the skin. However, it is also good to be aware of the common symptoms associated with this disease as a safety precaution.
