Successfully moving each part of the body requires a lot of coordination between the brain, nerves and muscles. If something goes wrong with all of this coordination, a person may develop dystonia. This condition is characterized as a type of movement disorder where muscles contract involuntarily. There are three main types of dystonia. A patient can have focal dystonia, which only affects one part of the body, segmental dystonia, where a few parts of the body located next to each other have dystonia, or general dystonia where all areas of the body are affected.The precise causes of this condition are not understood, but it seems to be linked to issues with nerve cell communication. In some cases, it is caused by other disorders like Parkinson's disease, brain injury, strokes, medication side effects, brain tumors, or infections. Even if it is not linked to any other severe disorders, it can be painful and distracting enough to impair quality of life and cause difficulty with daily activities.
